Study of Different Process Parameters for the Production of High Value Solid Bio-Fuel from Biomass via Torrefaction

Abstract

Woody biomass is one of the major sources of renewable energy. The main problem of low utilization of biomass is its varied moisture content and low calorific value which can be overcome through a thermal treatment called torrefaction. Torrefaction destroy the fibrous nature of woody biomass and enhanced the physiochemical properties of the resulting material. In this work, the concept of varied compositional biomass is proposed to increase the characteristics of torrified biomasses. Three biomass materials were investigated in the chipped and crushed form: pearl millet, pinewood, and walnut shell. This study analyzed the effects of torrefaction temperature, residence time, and moisture content on biomass final products distribution. The torrified product was analyzed by various technique such as proximate and ultimate analysis, CV, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In comparison to residence time, it was found that the torrefaction temperature had the greatest effect on the mass of torrified product. The resulted torrified product experienced changes in structural properties including mass reduction, chemical compositions, decreased hydrophilicity, improved grindability and rise in energy content. These properties result in improved biomass handling and storage, as well as enhanced biomass utilization in pulverized combustors.