Graphene Oxide and Copper Ferrite GO/Cu〖Fe〗_2 0_4Nano-composites as Adsorbent for Fluoride Removal from Aqueous Solution

Abstract

Water, the universal solvent, is a prerequisite for the existence of all forms of life on the planet earth .60% of the fluid running in the human body is water. Any irregularity in the concentration of minerals can lead to serious health hazards. Such is the case with Fluoride, a major element for human metabolism and its occurrence in drinking water could be safe or unsafe. Fluoride of 0.5 mg L-1 is needed to strengthen tooth polish and moreover to prevent the early tooth decay. However, on exceeding a considerable point, it produces a disease called 'fluorosis'. The present research is centered on the defluoridation of water employing the adsorption method by batch experimental tests. The two-dimensional graphene and graphene-based materials are in effect broadly used being in wastewater treatment as a result of their electronic mobility, incredible surface area, high mechanical strength, great abrasion restraint ability and tunable surface, improved hydrophobicity, adsorption capacity, and recyclability making it ideal material for wastewater treatment. Recently, copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles have drawn various researchers' attention because of its intrinsic properties in application of water purification. CuFe2O4 Nano composites are attractive because of material stability under various conditions. In this study, GO/CuFe2O4 was employed as an adsorbent to dislodge Fluoride (F-1) ions from water by adsorption. The results of three adsorption factors (contact time, pH and Fluoride concentration) on two reaction factors (removal efficiency and adsorption limit) were investigated. The ideal performance conditions for the adsorption of Fluoride (F-1) were noted to be contact time of 75 min, pH of 6 with an initial dose of adsorbent of 10mg/L. The total removal ability and saturation capacity of Fluoride (F-1) under this working condition were observed to be 88% and 2.37mg/g individually. The equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetic adsorption models illustrated that the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order both model showed coherence to the trial information. The characteristics studies of the material were achieved using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR), Scanning Electron microscope (SEM), Raman, and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy.